In performing this function the staging area acts as a large "bucket" in which data from multiple source systems can be temporarily placed for further processing. One of the primary functions performed by a staging area is consolidation of data from multiple source systems. The functions of the staging area include the following: Staging areas can be designed to provide many benefits, but the primary motivations for their use are to increase efficiency of ETL processes, ensure data integrity and support data quality operations. Though the source systems and target systems supported by ETL processes are often relational databases, the staging areas that sit between data sources and targets need not also be relational databases. Staging area architectures range in complexity from a set of simple relational tables in a target database to self-contained database instances or file systems. Staging areas can be implemented in the form of tables in relational databases, text-based flat files (or XML files) stored in file systems or proprietary formatted binary files stored in file systems. A persistent staging area (PSA) is a type of staging area in a data warehouse which tracks the whole change history of a source table or query. There are staging area architectures, however, which are designed to hold data for extended periods of time for archival or troubleshooting purposes. Such a staging area is sometimes called a transient staging area (TSA). ĭata staging areas are often transient in nature, with their contents being erased prior to running an ETL process or immediately following successful completion of an ETL process. The data staging area sits between the data source(s) and the data target(s), which are often data warehouses, data marts, or other data repositories. A staging area, or landing zone, is an intermediate storage area used for data processing during the extract, transform and load (ETL) process.
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